All the mail mirrored from lore.kernel.org
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
From: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
To: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>,
	linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org,
	Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>,
	Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@infradead.org>,
	Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>,
	Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>,
	Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>,
	Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Subject: Re: [GIT PULL] perf fixes
Date: Fri, 22 Jun 2012 14:50:42 -0400	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <1340391042.27036.248.camel@gandalf.stny.rr.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <CA+55aFySaZ4huXgPM0yGPezAhnE9zT81tucC9WnDs5Ps+7+hGA@mail.gmail.com>

On Fri, 2012-06-22 at 11:07 -0700, Linus Torvalds wrote:
> On Fri, Jun 22, 2012 at 6:36 AM, Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> wrote:
> >
> > Steven Rostedt (1):
> >      ftrace: Make all inline tags also include notrace
> 
> Btw, this is something I've been wondering about: function call
> tracing and inlining seems to be fundamentally incompatible.

True that the -pg option never adds the mcount call to any function that
gets inlined. But just an FYI, the alternative -finstrument-functions,
which traces both start and stop of the function, even does inlined
functions. Which one one of the reasons I totally avoided it.

> 
> And gcc can (and does, depending on version and details) inline pretty
> much any static function, whether we mark it inline or not.

Right, which means that those do not get traced either.

> 
> Now, there's no question that we don't want inlined functions to be
> traced, but that actually means that the *logical* thing would be to
> try to somehow tell gcc to not ever do the whole stupid mcount thing
> for functions that *might* be inlined - and at least be consistent
> about it.

Hmm, I'm not sure how to tell gcc that :-/

> 
> IOW, is there some way to get the mcount thing to only happen for
> functions that either have their address taken, or have external
> visibility?
> 
> Because that mcount thing is expensive as hell, if people haven't
> noticed (and I'm not talking about just the call instruction that I
> think we can stub out

It is stubbed out. Has been since day one, when DYNAMIC_FTRACE is
supported and enabled.

>  - it changes code generation in other ways too).

One thing it does, which I hate, is that it enables (forces) frame
pointers.

> And it looks like distros enable it by default, which annoys my
> performance-optimizing soul deeply.

We have been working on an alternative. That is the -mfentry, and I have
working code that is still in the testing phase (and looking good!).

When you add -mfentry with -pg instead of calling mcount, which comes
after the frame pointer has been set up, it calls fentry, as the very
first instruction in the function. It should not interfere with any
other code generation.

The -mfentry is supported since gcc 4.6.0 and only for x86 (thanks to
Andi Kleen for doing this. Here's my first email that described it a
little (I've been working on various versions, but it has settled down
recently):

https://lkml.org/lkml/2011/2/9/271

Back then, one of the issues I worried about was its interaction with
kprobes. As kprobes commonly are inserted at the first instruction of a
function, and kprobes could not be inserted at a ftrace nop, this would
cause issues for users wanting to insert their probe at the beginning of
the function.

But Masami has already helped me in fixing this up. Both the kprobes
issue and the fentry and no framepointers code is working well. I was
going to push it for 3.7 so that I can vindicate it a bit more.

Here's my last RFC patch set for the kprobes/ftrace work. Where kprobes
can actually be optimized by using the ftrace infrastructure.

https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/6/12/668

-- Steve


> 
> So doing it a bit less would be lovely.
> 
>                       Linus



  parent reply	other threads:[~2012-06-22 18:50 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 376+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2012-06-22 13:36 [GIT PULL] perf fixes Ingo Molnar
2012-06-22 18:07 ` Linus Torvalds
2012-06-22 18:38   ` Hagen Paul Pfeifer
2012-06-22 18:52     ` Linus Torvalds
2012-06-22 19:06       ` Hagen Paul Pfeifer
2012-06-22 19:54         ` Steven Rostedt
     [not found]           ` <86448d73-2e19-416f-8104-ce72aa5d76eb@email.android.com>
2012-06-22 23:18             ` Steven Rostedt
2012-06-23  0:51               ` Arjan van de Ven
2012-06-23  1:57                 ` Steven Rostedt
2012-06-23 18:25                 ` H. Peter Anvin
2012-06-22 18:50   ` Steven Rostedt [this message]
  -- strict thread matches above, loose matches on Subject: below --
2023-01-06 11:57 Ingo Molnar
2023-01-06 21:19 ` pr-tracker-bot
2022-10-02 10:56 Ingo Molnar
2022-10-02 16:47 ` Linus Torvalds
2022-10-03 10:55   ` Ingo Molnar
2022-10-02 17:20 ` pr-tracker-bot
2022-08-28 14:35 Ingo Molnar
2022-08-28 18:18 ` pr-tracker-bot
2022-08-06 19:10 Ingo Molnar
2022-08-07  0:50 ` pr-tracker-bot
2021-07-11 13:26 Ingo Molnar
2021-07-11 18:22 ` pr-tracker-bot
2021-06-12 12:48 Ingo Molnar
2021-06-12 19:09 ` pr-tracker-bot
2021-03-21 10:56 Ingo Molnar
2021-03-21 18:45 ` pr-tracker-bot
2020-08-15 11:21 Ingo Molnar
2020-08-16  1:55 ` pr-tracker-bot
2020-04-25  9:19 Ingo Molnar
2020-04-25 19:30 ` pr-tracker-bot
2020-03-24  9:19 Ingo Molnar
2020-03-24 17:15 ` pr-tracker-bot
2020-03-02  7:23 Ingo Molnar
2020-03-03 23:35 ` pr-tracker-bot
2020-02-15  8:53 Ingo Molnar
2020-02-15 21:25 ` pr-tracker-bot
2020-01-18 17:58 Ingo Molnar
2020-01-18 21:05 ` pr-tracker-bot
2019-12-21 16:16 Ingo Molnar
2019-12-21 18:55 ` pr-tracker-bot
2019-12-17 11:34 Ingo Molnar
2019-12-17 19:06 ` Linus Torvalds
2019-12-18  6:58   ` Ingo Molnar
2019-12-17 19:20 ` pr-tracker-bot
2019-12-01 22:15 Ingo Molnar
2019-12-02  4:40 ` pr-tracker-bot
2019-11-16 21:33 Ingo Molnar
2019-11-17  0:35 ` pr-tracker-bot
2019-11-01 17:48 Ingo Molnar
2019-11-01 18:48 ` Linus Torvalds
2019-11-01 20:30   ` Ingo Molnar
2019-11-01 21:01     ` Ingo Molnar
2019-11-01 22:15     ` Linus Torvalds
2019-11-01 19:10 ` pr-tracker-bot
2019-10-12 13:31 Ingo Molnar
2019-10-12 22:35 ` pr-tracker-bot
2019-07-14 12:01 Ingo Molnar
2019-07-14 18:45 ` pr-tracker-bot
2019-06-29  8:54 Ingo Molnar
2019-06-29 11:45 ` pr-tracker-bot
2019-06-02 17:39 Ingo Molnar
2019-06-02 18:15 ` pr-tracker-bot
2019-05-16 16:05 Ingo Molnar
2019-05-16 18:20 ` pr-tracker-bot
2019-05-05 12:47 Ingo Molnar
2019-05-05 22:10 ` pr-tracker-bot
2019-04-20  7:43 Ingo Molnar
2019-04-20 19:25 ` pr-tracker-bot
2019-04-12 13:06 Ingo Molnar
2019-04-13  4:05 ` pr-tracker-bot
2019-02-17 10:10 Ingo Molnar
2019-02-17 16:50 ` pr-tracker-bot
2019-02-10  9:01 Ingo Molnar
2019-02-10 18:30 ` pr-tracker-bot
2019-01-11  7:44 Ingo Molnar
2019-01-11 18:00 ` pr-tracker-bot
2018-11-30  6:25 Ingo Molnar
2018-11-30 21:00 ` pr-tracker-bot
2018-11-17 10:55 Ingo Molnar
2018-11-18 20:05 ` pr-tracker-bot
2018-10-20  8:10 Ingo Molnar
2018-10-20 13:28 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-10-11  9:12 Ingo Molnar
2018-10-11 12:32 ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-10-11  8:59 Ingo Molnar
2018-10-05  9:42 Ingo Molnar
2018-10-05  9:55 ` Ingo Molnar
2018-10-05 23:30   ` Greg Kroah-Hartman
2018-09-15 13:11 Ingo Molnar
2018-07-30 17:53 Ingo Molnar
2018-07-13 19:59 Ingo Molnar
2018-06-30  8:44 Ingo Molnar
2018-06-04  9:04 Ingo Molnar
2018-03-31 10:40 Ingo Molnar
2018-03-25  8:53 Ingo Molnar
2018-02-06 21:29 Ingo Molnar
2017-12-06 22:17 Ingo Molnar
2017-11-26 12:40 Ingo Molnar
2017-11-05 14:40 Ingo Molnar
2017-11-09  8:13 ` Markus Trippelsdorf
2017-10-14 16:04 Ingo Molnar
2017-09-13 18:00 Ingo Molnar
2017-09-12 15:32 Ingo Molnar
2017-07-21 10:15 Ingo Molnar
2017-06-10  8:39 Ingo Molnar
2017-05-12  7:31 Ingo Molnar
2017-03-07 20:30 Ingo Molnar
2017-02-28  8:01 Ingo Molnar
2017-02-11 18:12 Ingo Molnar
2017-02-02 21:01 Ingo Molnar
2017-01-18  9:27 Ingo Molnar
2017-01-15  9:59 Ingo Molnar
2016-12-23 22:50 Ingo Molnar
2016-12-07 18:45 Ingo Molnar
2016-11-23  9:00 Ingo Molnar
2016-11-14  7:56 Ingo Molnar
2016-10-28 19:41 Ingo Molnar
2016-10-18 11:07 Ingo Molnar
2016-09-13 18:14 Ingo Molnar
2016-08-18 20:38 Ingo Molnar
2016-08-12 19:35 Ingo Molnar
2016-07-26 14:13 Ingo Molnar
2016-07-08 13:42 Ingo Molnar
2016-06-10 12:50 Ingo Molnar
2016-05-13 18:51 Ingo Molnar
2016-05-06 11:26 Ingo Molnar
2016-04-28 17:56 Ingo Molnar
2016-04-03 11:00 Ingo Molnar
2016-02-20 11:14 Ingo Molnar
2016-01-14 10:03 Ingo Molnar
2016-01-08 12:46 Ingo Molnar
2015-12-08  4:22 Ingo Molnar
2015-09-17  8:02 Ingo Molnar
2015-09-02 18:11 Ingo Molnar
2015-08-22 12:19 Ingo Molnar
2015-08-14  7:12 Ingo Molnar
2015-07-18  2:53 Ingo Molnar
2015-07-06 15:29 Ingo Molnar
2015-06-13 14:29 Ingo Molnar
2015-06-05  8:37 Ingo Molnar
2015-05-15  7:17 Ingo Molnar
2015-05-06 12:52 Ingo Molnar
2015-04-03 13:11 Ingo Molnar
2015-03-17 16:48 Ingo Molnar
2015-03-01 17:00 Ingo Molnar
2015-02-20 13:40 Ingo Molnar
2015-01-30 18:44 Ingo Molnar
2015-01-17 14:15 Ingo Molnar
2015-01-11  8:42 Ingo Molnar
2014-11-20  7:46 Ingo Molnar
2014-10-31 11:13 Ingo Molnar
2014-11-03  9:02 ` Paul Bolle
2014-11-03 10:04   ` Peter Zijlstra
2014-09-19 10:46 Ingo Molnar
2014-08-24 20:25 Ingo Molnar
2014-07-16 11:11 Ingo Molnar
2014-06-18 16:39 Ingo Molnar
2014-05-22  8:04 Ingo Molnar
2014-05-01  6:34 Ingo Molnar
2014-04-20  8:02 Ingo Molnar
2014-04-19 10:41 Ingo Molnar
2014-04-16 13:04 Ingo Molnar
2014-03-22  9:06 Ingo Molnar
2014-03-16 16:34 Ingo Molnar
2014-03-02  8:51 Ingo Molnar
2014-02-22 19:16 Ingo Molnar
2014-02-09  8:01 Ingo Molnar
2014-01-25  7:30 Ingo Molnar
2014-01-19 12:08 Ingo Molnar
2013-12-19 16:52 Ingo Molnar
2013-12-02 14:39 Ingo Molnar
2013-11-15 19:46 Ingo Molnar
2013-11-01  9:56 Ingo Molnar
2013-10-29 10:04 Ingo Molnar
2013-10-26 12:24 Ingo Molnar
2013-10-28  8:28 ` Markus Trippelsdorf
2013-10-28  9:02   ` ------------------------------ Markus Trippelsdorf
2013-10-28  9:34     ` Markus Trippelsdorf
2013-10-28 12:34       ` Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
2013-10-28 12:42         ` Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
2013-10-28 12:59           ` Markus Trippelsdorf
2013-10-29  9:50           ` Stephane Eranian
2013-10-29 10:06             ` Ingo Molnar
2013-10-29 12:47             ` Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
2013-10-08 12:12 Ingo Molnar
2013-09-28 18:03 Ingo Molnar
2013-09-29 11:47 ` Markus Trippelsdorf
2013-09-29 21:33   ` Andi Kleen
2013-09-29 22:47     ` Markus Trippelsdorf
2013-09-30  6:27     ` Ingo Molnar
2013-09-30 18:54       ` Andi Kleen
2013-10-01  8:42         ` Ingo Molnar
2013-09-25 18:00 Ingo Molnar
2013-09-18 16:06 Ingo Molnar
2013-09-12 13:38 Ingo Molnar
2013-09-12 18:03 ` Linus Torvalds
2013-09-12 18:10   ` Linus Torvalds
2013-09-12 18:43     ` Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
2013-09-12 19:12       ` Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
2013-09-12 19:13         ` Linus Torvalds
2013-09-12 19:55       ` Ingo Molnar
2013-09-12 19:58       ` David Ahern
2013-09-12 20:02         ` Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
2013-09-12 20:31           ` Ingo Molnar
2013-09-12 20:43             ` Ingo Molnar
2013-09-12 20:18         ` Ingo Molnar
2013-09-12 20:38           ` Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
2013-09-12 20:46             ` Ingo Molnar
2013-09-12 21:09               ` David Ahern
2013-09-12 21:18                 ` Ingo Molnar
2013-09-12 22:10                   ` David Ahern
2013-09-13  5:09                     ` Ingo Molnar
2013-09-13  9:32                       ` Jean Pihet
2013-09-13  9:45                         ` Ingo Molnar
2013-09-13 17:15                           ` Jean Pihet
2013-09-12 18:51     ` Linus Torvalds
2013-09-12 20:33       ` Ingo Molnar
2013-09-12 20:38         ` Linus Torvalds
2013-09-12 20:49           ` Ingo Molnar
2013-09-12 20:52             ` Linus Torvalds
2013-09-12 21:01               ` Ingo Molnar
2013-09-12 20:10     ` Ingo Molnar
2013-08-13 16:51 Ingo Molnar
2013-07-10  8:52 Ingo Molnar
2013-06-26  8:52 Ingo Molnar
2013-06-20  8:58 Ingo Molnar
2013-05-05 10:10 Ingo Molnar
2013-04-21  8:16 Ingo Molnar
2013-04-14 15:20 Ingo Molnar
2013-03-21  9:56 Ingo Molnar
2013-03-11 14:28 Ingo Molnar
2013-02-26  7:02 Ingo Molnar
2013-03-14 20:32 ` Linus Torvalds
2013-03-14 21:06   ` Linus Torvalds
2013-03-14 22:09     ` Stephane Eranian
2013-03-14 22:17       ` Linus Torvalds
2013-03-14 22:19         ` Stephane Eranian
2013-03-14 22:42           ` Stephane Eranian
2013-03-14 22:53             ` Stephane Eranian
2013-03-14 23:11               ` Stephane Eranian
2013-03-15  0:24                 ` Stephane Eranian
2013-03-15  1:06                   ` Linus Torvalds
2013-03-15  8:01                     ` Stephane Eranian
2013-03-15 10:50                       ` Stephane Eranian
2013-02-04 18:20 Ingo Molnar
2012-12-01 11:11 Ingo Molnar
2012-10-26 14:44 Ingo Molnar
2012-10-23 11:02 Ingo Molnar
2012-10-20  0:56 Ingo Molnar
2012-09-21 19:08 Ingo Molnar
2012-09-13 14:39 Ingo Molnar
2012-08-23 10:59 Ingo Molnar
2012-08-20  9:08 Ingo Molnar
2012-08-21  7:59 ` Ingo Molnar
2012-08-05 17:43 Ingo Molnar
2012-08-03 16:40 Ingo Molnar
2012-07-14  7:51 Ingo Molnar
2012-06-15 18:48 Ingo Molnar
2012-06-08  9:20 Ingo Molnar
2012-05-30 15:39 Ingo Molnar
2012-05-17  8:19 Ingo Molnar
2012-04-27  6:32 Ingo Molnar
2012-04-16 17:48 Ingo Molnar
2012-04-14 10:54 Ingo Molnar
2012-04-03 22:40 Ingo Molnar
2012-03-13 16:56 Ingo Molnar
2012-03-05  9:27 Ingo Molnar
2012-03-02 10:47 Ingo Molnar
2012-02-10 12:45 Ingo Molnar
2012-02-02 10:00 Ingo Molnar
2012-01-26 18:11 Ingo Molnar
2011-12-29 21:02 Ingo Molnar
2011-12-09  6:16 Ingo Molnar
2011-12-05 19:13 Ingo Molnar
2011-11-07 18:49 Ingo Molnar
2011-11-07 19:00 ` Linus Torvalds
2011-11-07 19:50   ` Ingo Molnar
2011-08-22 17:00 Ingo Molnar
2011-08-11  8:17 Ingo Molnar
2011-07-07 18:11 Ingo Molnar
2011-06-19  8:44 Ingo Molnar
2011-06-13  9:53 Ingo Molnar
2011-06-08 13:46 Ingo Molnar
2011-05-28 16:34 Ingo Molnar
2011-05-24  2:41 Ingo Molnar
2011-05-23 13:41 Ingo Molnar
2011-05-23 22:10 ` Eric Dumazet
2011-05-23 22:19   ` Frederic Weisbecker
2011-05-23 22:22     ` Eric Dumazet
2011-05-20 17:18 Ingo Molnar
2011-05-17 22:07 Ingo Molnar
2011-05-07 18:20 Ingo Molnar
2011-04-29 18:17 Ingo Molnar
2011-04-22 13:42 Ingo Molnar
2011-04-19 15:56 Ingo Molnar
2011-04-16 10:03 Ingo Molnar
2011-04-07 17:48 Ingo Molnar
2011-04-02 10:25 Ingo Molnar
2011-03-25 13:11 Ingo Molnar
2011-03-10  7:53 Ingo Molnar
2011-02-28 17:34 Ingo Molnar
2011-02-22 16:03 Ingo Molnar
2011-02-15 16:58 Ingo Molnar
2011-02-06 11:27 Ingo Molnar
2011-02-03 15:47 Ingo Molnar
2011-01-24 13:34 Ingo Molnar
2011-01-24 19:48 ` Linus Torvalds
2011-01-24 20:07   ` Ingo Molnar
2011-01-24 20:11     ` Ingo Molnar
2011-01-24 20:17       ` Ingo Molnar
2011-01-24 20:17     ` Linus Torvalds
2011-01-24 20:27       ` Linus Torvalds
2011-01-24 20:38         ` Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
2011-01-24 21:13           ` Linus Torvalds
2011-01-24 21:25           ` Ingo Molnar
2011-01-24 22:00             ` Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
2011-01-25  0:16               ` Ingo Molnar
2011-01-24 20:37       ` Davidlohr Bueso
2011-01-24 20:14   ` Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo
2011-01-18 18:59 Ingo Molnar
2011-01-18  9:42 Ingo Molnar
2011-01-15 15:24 Ingo Molnar
2011-01-11 11:32 Ingo Molnar
2011-01-03 19:04 Ingo Molnar
2010-12-23 12:56 Ingo Molnar
2010-12-19 15:34 Ingo Molnar
2010-12-08  7:55 Ingo Molnar
2010-11-28 17:36 Ingo Molnar
2010-11-26 13:20 Ingo Molnar
2010-11-11 10:38 Ingo Molnar
2010-10-30 18:21 Ingo Molnar
2010-10-13 15:21 Ingo Molnar
2010-10-05 14:49 Ingo Molnar
2010-09-26  8:38 Ingo Molnar
2010-09-21 19:39 Ingo Molnar
2010-09-10 14:26 Ingo Molnar
2010-08-25 17:44 Ingo Molnar
2010-08-24 19:06 Ingo Molnar
2010-08-19 14:55 Ingo Molnar
2010-08-18  8:14 Ingo Molnar
2010-07-23 19:41 Ingo Molnar
2010-07-16 17:30 Ingo Molnar
2010-07-08  4:36 Frederic Weisbecker
2010-07-08  4:40 ` Frederic Weisbecker
2010-07-08  6:36 ` Ingo Molnar
2010-07-04 20:24 Ingo Molnar
2010-06-10 10:25 Ingo Molnar
2010-06-02 12:28 Ingo Molnar
2010-05-31 23:02 Frederic Weisbecker
2010-06-01  6:59 ` Ingo Molnar
2010-05-30 19:27 Ingo Molnar
2010-05-20  9:44 Frederic Weisbecker
2010-05-20 12:40 ` Ingo Molnar
2010-05-11 19:18 Ingo Molnar
2010-05-12  0:39 ` Linus Torvalds
2010-04-06 17:49 Ingo Molnar
2010-04-04 10:15 Ingo Molnar
2010-04-03 10:47 Frederic Weisbecker
2010-03-28  5:11 Frederic Weisbecker
2010-03-29  3:33 ` Ingo Molnar
2010-03-26 15:16 Ingo Molnar
2010-03-16 16:06 Ingo Molnar
2010-03-11 19:12 Ingo Molnar
2010-02-22 16:50 Ingo Molnar
2010-02-22 17:01 ` Linus Torvalds
2010-02-22 17:15   ` Frederic Weisbecker
2010-02-14  9:06 Ingo Molnar
2010-01-31 17:32 Ingo Molnar
2010-01-21 15:38 Ingo Molnar
2009-12-31 12:00 Ingo Molnar
2009-12-18 18:59 Ingo Molnar
2009-09-22  7:51 Ingo Molnar
2009-09-22 14:49 ` Linus Torvalds
2009-09-22 14:59   ` Ingo Molnar
2009-09-22 15:13     ` Linus Torvalds

Reply instructions:

You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:

* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
  and reply-to-all from there: mbox

  Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style

* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
  switches of git-send-email(1):

  git send-email \
    --in-reply-to=1340391042.27036.248.camel@gandalf.stny.rr.com \
    --to=rostedt@goodmis.org \
    --cc=a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl \
    --cc=acme@infradead.org \
    --cc=ak@linux.intel.com \
    --cc=akpm@linux-foundation.org \
    --cc=linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com \
    --cc=mingo@kernel.org \
    --cc=tglx@linutronix.de \
    --cc=torvalds@linux-foundation.org \
    /path/to/YOUR_REPLY

  https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html

* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
  via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line before the message body.
This is an external index of several public inboxes,
see mirroring instructions on how to clone and mirror
all data and code used by this external index.